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巖棉(mian)外(wai)(wai)墻外(wai)(wai)保溫系(xi)統如何(he)正(zheng)確施工
巖棉板生產廠(chang)家(jia)提(ti)醒施(shi)工(gong)前,應根據設(she)計(ji)和(he)本規程(cheng)(cheng)要求以及相關的(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)標(biao)準編制(zhi)針對(dui)(dui)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目的(de)(de)節(jie)能保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)專項(xiang)施(shi)工(gong)方(fang)案(an),并應對(dui)(dui)施(shi)工(gong)人員進行技(ji)術(shu)交底(di)和(he)專業(ye)技(ji)術(shu)培訓。巖棉板(ban)外(wai)保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)系統(tong)用于節(jie)能保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)應按照(zhao)經審查合格的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)圖(tu)設(she)計(ji)文件和(he)經審批通過的(de)(de)用于工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目的(de)(de)節(jie)能保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)專項(xiang)施(shi)工(gong)方(fang)案(an)進行。巖棉板(ban)外(wai)保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)系統(tong)的(de)(de)生產企業(ye)應有專業(ye)人員在(zai)施(shi)工(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)中進行現(xian)場指導(dao),并配合施(shi)工(gong)單(dan)位和(he)現(xian)場監理(li)做好施(shi)工(gong)質量控(kong)制(zhi)工(gong)作。
材料進場必須按規格(ge),數量和質量要求經過驗收合格(ge)才能入庫,并應有專人保管,嚴禁(jin)露天(tian)堆(dui)放。幕墻巖(yan)棉板應架空防潮堆(dui)放。
河南巖棉板施工應(ying)具備以(yi)下條件:
基層墻(qiang)體及其水泥砂(sha)漿找(zhao)平(ping)層處理(li)及預埋件安(an)裝完畢。
必(bi)要的施工機具和勞防用品應已準備齊全。
施(shi)工專(zhuan)用腳(jiao)(jiao)手架(jia)應(ying)搭設牢固,安全(quan)檢(jian)驗合(he)格。腳(jiao)(jiao)手架(jia)立桿與水平桿與墻面,墻角的間距應(ying)滿足施(shi)工要求。
基層墻體應(ying)堅實平(ping)整(zheng),表面(mian)干燥,不得有開裂,空(kong)鼓,松動或泛堿,水泥砂漿找平(ping)層的粘結強(qiang)度,平(ping)整(zheng)度及垂直度應(ying)符合(建筑裝(zhuang)飾裝(zhuang)修工(gong)(gong)程質量(liang)驗(yan)收規范)GB50210中(zhong)普(pu)通抹(mo)灰工(gong)(gong)程質量(liang)的要求(qiu)。
巖棉板外(wai)(wai)墻外(wai)(wai)保溫(wen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期間,基層(ceng)及施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)環境溫(wen)度低于5℃時(shi)不得施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。在五級以上大風(feng)天氣(qi)和(he)雨(yu)、雪天氣(qi)不得施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)及施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后,應采取(qu)有效措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)防止雨(yu)水沖刷及烈(lie)日(ri)暴曬,并應及時(shi)做保護(hu)層(ceng)。如施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中突遇降(jiang)雨(yu),應采取(qu)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)防止雨(yu)水沖刷墻面(mian);冬季施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應按(an)照相關標準采取(qu)防凍措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。
大(da)面積施工前,按規(gui)定(ding)應在現(xian)場(chang)采(cai)用(yong)相(xiang)同材料,構造(zao)做法(fa)和工藝制作(zuo)樣板墻,并經有關各方確認后方可進行工程施工。
用巖棉板施工時(shi),操(cao)作工人應佩戴(dai)好(hao)勞防用品,做好(hao)職(zhi)業健康保護,并注重施工安全。
巖棉板外(wai)保溫系統有(you)關必檢(jian)(jian)的材(cai)料應送有(you)資質的檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)機構進行檢(jian)(jian)測(ce),檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)合格方可使(shi)用。
河南巖棉板(ban)的粘(zhan)(zhan)貼(tie)宜采(cai)用條粘(zhan)(zhan)法或點(dian)粘(zhan)(zhan)法,涂膠面積不應(ying)(ying)小于(yu)50%。巖棉板(ban)抹完膠粘(zhan)(zhan)劑后,應(ying)(ying)先將保(bao)溫板(ban)下(xia)端與基層粘(zhan)(zhan)貼(tie),巖棉板(ban)應(ying)(ying)自下(xia)而上沿水平(ping)方向(xiang)橫向(xiang)鋪(pu)設,并(bing)應(ying)(ying)采(cai)取(qu)邊鋪(pu)邊錨(mao)固,板(ban)縫應(ying)(ying)自然靠緊,板(ban)間縫隙不得大于(yu)2mm,如(ru)縫寬2mm時(shi),應(ying)(ying)有保(bao)溫材(cai)料填充處理,相鄰(lin)板(ban)面應(ying)(ying)平(ping)齊,板(ban)間高差不得大于(yu)1.5mm。
所有可達(da)巖棉板(ban)的穿墻管線與構件,其出口部(bu)位應用(yong)相(xiang)同材料填實后進行防水密(mi)封處(chu)理。如在施工(gong)過(guo)程中發現(xian)貼面層脫(tuo)落,應及時(shi)采取粘結或(huo)者(zhe)用(yong)錨固(gu)(gu)件錨固(gu)(gu)的方式固(gu)(gu)定(ding),并及時(shi)進行外飾面層施工(gong)。
抹(mo)面層(ceng)施工應符合以下要求:巖棉板粘貼完畢,應對板的抹(mo)灰面進行表面處理,用不銹鋼抹(mo)刀對整(zheng)個表面涂刮抹(mo)面膠漿(厚度1~1.5mm),并壓(ya)入(ru)巖棉板的表層(ceng)纖維中。
抹(mo)(mo)面(mian)膠(jiao)漿應(ying)嚴格(ge)按照產品使(shi)用(yong)說明(ming)書進(jin)行配(pei)置(zhi),配(pei)置(zhi)好(hao)的膠(jiao)粘劑應(ying)避(bi)免太陽直射,并(bing)應(ying)在2h內用(yong)完。抹(mo)(mo)面(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)分二層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)進(jin)行。第(di)一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)抹(mo)(mo)面(mian)膠(jiao)漿厚(hou)度(du)(du)2~3mm,應(ying)先用(yong)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)鋸齒(chi)抹(mo)(mo)刀抹(mo)(mo)灰,后用(yong)大抹(mo)(mo)刀抹(mo)(mo)平(ping),并(bing)趁濕壓入(ru)玻纖(xian)網(wang)布(bu),待膠(jiao)漿稍(shao)干硬(ying)至可觸碰時安裝(zhuang)錨固件,用(yong)抹(mo)(mo)面(mian)膠(jiao)漿封堵錨固件塑料圓盤及其周邊;第(di)一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)抹(mo)(mo)面(mian)膠(jiao)漿稍(shao)干可進(jin)行第(di)二層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)抹(mo)(mo)面(mian)膠(jiao)漿施工,厚(hou)度(du)(du)2mm左右,抹(mo)(mo)平(ping)并(bing)使(shi)抹(mo)(mo)面(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)厚(hou)度(du)(du)達到(dao)設計(ji)要(yao)求。
網(wang)布的鋪(pu)設(she)應(ying)抹(mo)平、找(zhao)直,并保持陰陽角的方正和(he)垂直度(du),網(wang)布的上下、左右之間均應(ying)有(you)搭接,其搭接寬度(du)不(bu)應(ying)小(xiao)于100mm;玻纖網(wang)布不(bu)得(de)直接鋪(pu)設(she)在(zai)巖棉板(ban)表面,也(ye)不(bu)得(de)外露,不(bu)得(de)干搭接。錨固件(jian)的安裝(zhuang)應(ying)按設(she)計要求的位置,用沖擊鉆或電錘鉆孔,鉆孔深(shen)度(du)應(ying)大于錨固深(shen)度(du)10mm,安裝(zhuang)時(shi)將錨固釘敲入或擰(ning)入墻(qiang)體(ti),圓盤緊貼第一(yi)層網(wang)格布,并及(ji)時(shi)用抹(mo)面膠(jiao)漿(jiang)覆蓋圓盤及(ji)其周邊。
隨著GB50016-2014《建筑設計防(fang)(fang)火(huo)規范》深入(ru)貫徹執行,以及消防(fang)(fang)執法的日益嚴格(ge),巖棉板外墻外保溫系(xi)統成為公建項(xiang)目、高層建筑的首選。